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1. 主語(yǔ)是名詞的集合
集合名詞是指用于指代由多個(gè)實(shí)體組成的集合名詞。the crowd(群體), my family(我的家人)
所以,像這樣一個(gè)集體指代多個(gè)實(shí)體的名詞,謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該使用奇數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)?
RULE NO.1
一般而言,美式英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣以集合名詞為奇數(shù),英式英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣以集合名詞為復(fù)數(shù)。
RULE NO.2
當(dāng)集體名詞強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)整體時(shí),謂語(yǔ)使用奇數(shù)。當(dāng)集體名詞強(qiáng)調(diào)集體中的多個(gè)個(gè)體時(shí),謂語(yǔ)使用復(fù)數(shù)。
His family is big. 他的家庭是一個(gè)大家庭。(強(qiáng)調(diào)他的家庭集體)
His family are all waiting for him. 全家人都在等他。(強(qiáng)調(diào)的是他的每一個(gè)家庭多個(gè)人)
RULE NO.3
在絕大多數(shù)情況下,有些集體名詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式,例如:police、people、cattle,例:
Who are these people?
The cattle are fed on barley.
2. 絕對(duì)復(fù)數(shù)名詞是主語(yǔ)
有些術(shù)語(yǔ)只有復(fù)數(shù)形式。clothes, pants, scissors, shorts, trousers, jeans, headphones,因?yàn)樗鼈兌际且砸粚?duì)一的方式出現(xiàn)的。
My trousers are dirty.
My headphones are lost.
主語(yǔ)為Either/ Neither
主語(yǔ)為Either/ Neither, 或包括and, either or/ neither nor。
(1) 使用and連接,主語(yǔ)必須指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主題,謂語(yǔ)一般采用復(fù)數(shù)。
Cheese and tomato are delicious on the bread.
My friends and I are playing soccer.
(2) 使用Either/ Neither,雖然主語(yǔ)指的是多種東西,但從意義上來(lái)說(shuō),它們各自指的是單一的東西,謂語(yǔ)通常使用奇數(shù)。
Neither is willing to give up. (=He is not willing to give up, and she is not willing to give up. )
Either is good enough. (=This is good enough, and that is good enough.)
(3) 使用Either or/ Neither nor,采用最近的原則,謂語(yǔ)靠近哪個(gè)名詞,方法就會(huì)隨著這個(gè)名詞而改變。
Neither John nor his sisters were at school today.
Neither John's sisters nor John was at school today.
4. 介詞與主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間,介詞短語(yǔ)分隔。
在句子主語(yǔ)后面跟有介詞。or在介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí),常常會(huì)讓人感到困惑。
The manner in which you spoke tothose people are rude.
這句話中,謂語(yǔ)與前面的名詞不相稱。(those people)它與句子的主語(yǔ)有關(guān),(the manner)相關(guān)性,所以正確的句子方法應(yīng)該是:
The manner in which you spoke to those people is rude.
例:
Food between the teeth results in bad teeth.
Students who staying in the classroom are doing their homework.
在KP階段性寫(xiě)作只涉及到一些簡(jiǎn)單的句子,要保持主謂一致,只需判斷主語(yǔ)是奇數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。
對(duì)構(gòu)造略顯復(fù)雜的句子而言,也只需:
找出句子的真正主語(yǔ)。
判斷主語(yǔ)是奇數(shù)or復(fù)數(shù)。
做好這兩個(gè)步驟,保持主謂一致的準(zhǔn)確性并不難!
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